雅思考試寫作測驗指南 - 雅思寫作模擬試題、雅思寫作練習、雅思寫作題庫
歡迎來到IELTS 寫作測驗指南， 在這邊你可以找到所有關於雅思寫作測驗考試的內容、考題資訊、 以及超過1000題的雅思寫作題庫。 本頁面中列出20回完整雅思寫作測驗以及本站所有的寫作模擬試題，想練習的同學請瀏覽並點擊下方的考題。
點下方連結即可使用免費的雅思寫作測驗跟獲得高分範文。
| 雅思一般題組 (General) 寫作測驗 | 雅思學術題組 (Academic) 寫作測驗 |
|---|---|
下方列出是我們完整的 IELTS 寫作題庫與答案。 你可以隨時免費練習。
文章目錄
IELTS 寫作測驗資訊
IELTS 寫作測驗一共有兩個寫作任務（Task 1 與 Task 2），你會有 總共 60 分鐘的作答時間。兩個任務可以依照你喜歡的順序完成，只要確保時間分配合理， 大約20 分鐘用在 IELTS Writing Task 1， 以及40 分鐘用在 IELTS Writing Task 2 即可。
IELTS 學術模組寫作與一般模組寫作
IELTS 提供兩種版本的考試。學術模組 (Academic) 版本主要提供給想申請高等教育的人士； 一般模組 (General Training) 版本則多用於移民或申請較低學歷課程。 兩種版本各自有更詳細的適用條件，請向 IELTS 客服諮詢，以確認哪一種考試最適合你。
那麼，哪一種測驗比較難呢？ 一般來說，Academic 版本比 General Training 版本更有難度。 兩者之間最大的差異在於 Writing Task 1 的難易度，IELTS Writing Task 2 在兩種版本中是相同的。 下面的表格幫你整理了這兩種寫作測驗的差別。
| 測驗類型 | Task 1 | Task 2 |
|---|---|---|
| 學術模組 (Academic Writing) |
IELTS Academic Writing Task 1
在 IELTS Academic Writing Task 1 中，你會看到一個圖表、表格、曲線圖或示意圖， 必須用自己的話來描述、整理或說明這些資料。 |
IELTS Writing Task 2 在 IELTS Writing Task 2 中，你需要依照題目所給的問題寫一篇傳統形式的論說文。 文章字數必須至少 250 字。 |
| 一般模組 (General Writing) |
IELTS General Writing Task 1
在 IELTS General Writing Task 1 中，你會根據題目提供的情境寫一封信。 這封信可能是下列三種類型之一： - 正式書信（Formal：寫給不認識或沒有私交的人） - 半正式書信（Semi-formal：寫給認識但不熟的人） - 非正式書信（Informal：寫給很熟悉的人，例如朋友） |
雅思學術模組寫作影片介紹
雅思一般模組寫作影片介紹
敬請期待！
IELTS 寫作的評分方式
在 IELTS 寫作測驗中，你的寫作成績會依照四個評分面向來評定，分別是
Task Achievement / Task Response、Coherence and Cohesion、Lexical Resource、Grammatical Range and Accuracy。
你可以參考以下由 IELTS 官方提供的寫作評分標準說明（Band Descriptors）：
- IELTS Writing Task 1 Band Descriptors
- IELTS Writing Task 2 Band Descriptors
兩個寫作任務在評分時都會考量以下幾個面向：
- Task Achievement / Task Response - 你是否完整回答了題目要求？是否有充分展開與支持你的論點？
- Coherence and Cohesion - 你的論點或分析是否清楚、有邏輯？段落與句子之間是否銜接自然、結構完整？
- Lexical Resource – 你是否使用了足夠多樣、準確且自然的字彙，並保持適當的正式書面語氣？
- Grammatical Range and Accuracy – 你的文章是否幾乎沒有語法錯誤？是否展現出多樣的文法結構並正確使用？
IELTS Writing Task 1 和 Task 2 的分數比重一樣嗎？
基本上，就像你會花兩倍的時間在 Task 2 上一樣，
Task 2 的分數比重也大約是 Task 1 的兩倍（實際比重略有不同）。
另一種理解方式是：計算總分時，Task 2 的分數會被算兩次。
例如，若 Task 1 的分數是 7，Task 2 的分數是 4，
可以用以下公式來估算你的 IELTS 寫作分數：
(7 + (4 × 2)) / 3 = 5
因此，整體 IELTS 寫作分數大約會落在 4.5～6 分之間。
之所以說「大約」，是因為 IELTS 官方並沒有公開精確的計算公式，
不過這裡提供的估算方式，大致上與實際成績的誤差通常不超過 0.5 分。
IELTS 學術題組寫作第一部分 (Academic Writing Task 1)
在 IELTS 學術題組寫作第一部分 (Academic Writing Task 1) 中，你會看到一個圖表、表格、曲線圖或示意圖， 並被要求以自己的文字描述、整理或解釋這些資訊。 題目可能會要求你描述並說明數據、解釋某個流程的階段、說明某項事物的運作方式， 或描述某個物體或事件。
無論題目呈現哪種類型的視覺資料，你的主要任務都是撰寫視覺資訊的摘要， 並描述主要趨勢、整體差異、變化重點、系統的主要組成部分，或流程的重要階段。 你的文章必須至少 150 字，建議花約 20 分鐘完成這一部分的寫作。 以下是推薦的寫作架構：
- Introduction：改寫題目
- Overview：描述整體趨勢或主要群組的總覽
- Body Paragraph 1：邏輯清楚地詳細描述第一個群組
- Body Paragraph 2：邏輯清楚地詳細描述第二個群組
這個任務的寫作步驟其實非常簡單：
- 分析圖表內容，並規劃資訊如何分組
- 依照建議的文章架構撰寫文章
- 校對文章
以下是你在 IELTS 寫作測驗中可能遇到的各種類型圖表與示意圖：
折線圖（Line Graphs）
在這種類型的題目中，你會拿到一個或多個折線圖。每個折線圖可能會包含 1 到 8 條線，顯示數值隨時間變化的情況。 時間範圍可能是過去、現在、未來，或三者的組合。你的任務是撰寫摘要，涵蓋最重要的重點，並用數據來支持你的描述。
範例題目
The chart illustrates consumption of three kinds of fast food by teenagers in Mauritius from 1985 to 2015.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
- Write at least 150 words.
- You should spend around 20 minutes on this task.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
- Write at least 150 words.
- You should spend around 20 minutes on this task.
Sample Essay
The line graph depicts the consumption of three types of fast food, (hamburgers, pizza, and fried chicken) over a 30 year period by Mauritian teenagers. Units are given as the number of times each kind was eaten per year.
Overall, hamburgers and fried chicken had become the most popular foods by 2015 with the biggest increase in numbers eaten, while pizza that was the most widely-eaten at the start, declined precipitously in popularity.
With regards to hamburgers, consumption showed a steady upward trajectory from 10 times eaten per year to over 70 times. Likewise, teenagers in Mauritius ate fried chicken only 5 times per year in 1985 before rising dramatically to a plateau in 2005, then increased slightly at the end of the period to finish as the second most popular food.
On the contrary, although pizza was the most popular food with Mauritian adolescents in 1985, its consumption fell continuously from 60 times a year to just 10 pizzas by the last year.
The line graph depicts the consumption of three types of fast food, (hamburgers, pizza, and fried chicken) over a 30 year period by Mauritian teenagers. Units are given as the number of times each kind was eaten per year.
Overall, hamburgers and fried chicken had become the most popular foods by 2015 with the biggest increase in numbers eaten, while pizza that was the most widely-eaten at the start, declined precipitously in popularity.
With regards to hamburgers, consumption showed a steady upward trajectory from 10 times eaten per year to over 70 times. Likewise, teenagers in Mauritius ate fried chicken only 5 times per year in 1985 before rising dramatically to a plateau in 2005, then increased slightly at the end of the period to finish as the second most popular food.
On the contrary, although pizza was the most popular food with Mauritian adolescents in 1985, its consumption fell continuously from 60 times a year to just 10 pizzas by the last year.
若想學會如何應對 IELTS Academic Writing Task 1 的折線圖題型，請參考課程：IELTS Academic Writing Task - Line Graphs。
7 天免費試用長條圖（Bar Charts）
在這種類型的題目中，你會看到一個或多個長條圖。長條圖可能顯示隨時間變化的數據（動態資料）、某一時間點不同數值之間的比較（靜態資料），或是問卷／調查結果。 這些資訊可能是過去、現在或未來的情況，或三者的組合。 你的任務是撰寫一段摘要，涵蓋最重要的重點，並用具體數據來支持你的描述。
範例題目
The chart below gives some of the most reported issues among people living in UK cities in 2008 (%).
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
- Write at least 150 words.
- You should spend around 20 minutes on this task.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
- Write at least 150 words.
- You should spend around 20 minutes on this task.
Sample Essay
The chart illustrates several important living issues faced by inhabitants of seven major UK cities (Newcastle, Belfast, Birmingham, Cardiff, Manchester, Glasgow, and London) in 2008. Units are given in percentages.
Overall, health services proved to be the most important living issue in most cities, with education and training a close second. Least worrisome of all to UK residents was air pollution that year which on average seems around 5 times less important to city populations there.
In five of the seven cities, health and safety was the biggest concern with over 50% of city residents stating it as their number one living issue. This was especially true in Belfast and Cardiff where almost 60% of residents were worried. Education and training fell a close second in those same cities with a less than 10% difference between the two results, with the exception of Glasgow (53%) and London (52%) where it had become the biggest problem.
Regarding air pollution, only Manchester (16%), London (14%) and Cardiff (12%) had more than ten percent of their inhabitants concerned. Least of all worried about air pollution were those in Newcastle of whom only 5% of people stated this as an issue.
The chart illustrates several important living issues faced by inhabitants of seven major UK cities (Newcastle, Belfast, Birmingham, Cardiff, Manchester, Glasgow, and London) in 2008. Units are given in percentages.
Overall, health services proved to be the most important living issue in most cities, with education and training a close second. Least worrisome of all to UK residents was air pollution that year which on average seems around 5 times less important to city populations there.
In five of the seven cities, health and safety was the biggest concern with over 50% of city residents stating it as their number one living issue. This was especially true in Belfast and Cardiff where almost 60% of residents were worried. Education and training fell a close second in those same cities with a less than 10% difference between the two results, with the exception of Glasgow (53%) and London (52%) where it had become the biggest problem.
Regarding air pollution, only Manchester (16%), London (14%) and Cardiff (12%) had more than ten percent of their inhabitants concerned. Least of all worried about air pollution were those in Newcastle of whom only 5% of people stated this as an issue.
長條圖在 IELTS Academic Writing Task 1 中非常常見，主要有三種常見情境：
- 以類別作為 X 軸的長條圖
- 以日期或年份作為 X 軸的長條圖（功能類似折線圖）
- 兩個長條圖同時呈現的題目
每一種情境在寫作上都有些不同的處理方式。註冊 7 天免費試用即可查看以下長條圖教學課程：
- IELTS Academic Writing Task - Bar Charts Part 1 lesson.
- IELTS Academic Writing Task - Bar Charts Part 2 lesson.
- IELTS Academic Writing Task - Bar Charts Part 3 lesson.
圓餅圖（Pie Charts）
在這類題目中，你會看到一個、兩個或三個圓餅圖。圓餅圖通常顯示某一總量的百分比分布。 若只有一個圓餅圖，通常代表的是單一時間點的靜態資料； 若有兩個或以上圓餅圖，則可能顯示比例在不同時間的變化，或不同國家／族群之間的比較。 你的任務是撰寫摘要，涵蓋最重要的重點，並用具體數據支持說明。
範例題目
The pie chart below shows the native languages spoken by students at Bakersfield Senior College over two separate years.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
- Write at least 150 words.
- You should spend around 20 minutes on this task.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
- Write at least 150 words.
- You should spend around 20 minutes on this task.
Sample Essay
The pie chart depicts the proportion of attorneys using four kinds of smartphone operating systems, Iphone, Android, Blackberry and Windows, in the US in a given year.
Overall, a clear majority of attorneys prefer using the Iphone operating system on their smart phones, though other systems are also regularly used.
Iphone usage accounts for almost two thirds of total smartphones with 62% of all attorneys using the system. This is in stark contrast to the other three operating platforms, namely Android, BlackBerry, and Windows, which together only comprise 28% of all US attorneys total smartphone use.
After the Iphone platform, Android is the second most widely-used system at 20% while Blackberry and Windows struggle to make up the remainder at 5% and 3% respectively, proving that very few if any attorneys use those platforms. Particularly of note are the 10% of US attorneys who use no smartphone in their day-to-day business or chose not to declare in this survey.
The pie chart depicts the proportion of attorneys using four kinds of smartphone operating systems, Iphone, Android, Blackberry and Windows, in the US in a given year.
Overall, a clear majority of attorneys prefer using the Iphone operating system on their smart phones, though other systems are also regularly used.
Iphone usage accounts for almost two thirds of total smartphones with 62% of all attorneys using the system. This is in stark contrast to the other three operating platforms, namely Android, BlackBerry, and Windows, which together only comprise 28% of all US attorneys total smartphone use.
After the Iphone platform, Android is the second most widely-used system at 20% while Blackberry and Windows struggle to make up the remainder at 5% and 3% respectively, proving that very few if any attorneys use those platforms. Particularly of note are the 10% of US attorneys who use no smartphone in their day-to-day business or chose not to declare in this survey.
想學習如何處理圓餅圖題型，可註冊 7 天免費試用並觀看：IELTS Academic Writing Task - Pie Charts 課程。
7 天免費試用表格（Tables）
在這種類型的題目中，你會拿到一個資料表。表格裡的資料可能是 隨時間變化的動態數據，或是某一時間點的靜態比較。 通常資訊量很多，你不可能把所有細節都寫出來。 你的任務是抓出最重要的重點，撰寫摘要，並用數據支持你的描述。
範例題目
The table below shows a survey of the percentage of adults in California by age group who enjoyed different types of leisure activities in 2011.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
- Write at least 150 words.
- You should spend around 20 minutes on this task.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
- Write at least 150 words.
- You should spend around 20 minutes on this task.
Sample Essay
The table displays the percentage of different types of leisure activities enjoyed by four different age groups in California in 2011.
Overall, social pursuits like watching TV and spending time with family and friends were the most enjoyed leisure activities by all age groups, though there were clear differences between ages for some. The least popular activities in general were individual-based such as gardening and playing video games for all survey respondents.
Regarding social activities, watching TV was a popular activity for the entire adult population increasing from 76% of 18-30 year olds to 89% for the over 60s. On the contrary, spending time with family or friends rapidly declined with age from 58% of those under30 to under a third of those over 60 as people spend more time alone.
Of the other activities, whereas reading declined from 22% for the youngest age group to 16% for the eldest, the amount of time spent gardening increased greatly over the four age groups from 7% to 26%. Playing video games and listening to music showed the greatest decline with age, with over 40% of young people 18-30 engaged in these activities, yet only 2% of those over 60 doing the same.
The table displays the percentage of different types of leisure activities enjoyed by four different age groups in California in 2011.
Overall, social pursuits like watching TV and spending time with family and friends were the most enjoyed leisure activities by all age groups, though there were clear differences between ages for some. The least popular activities in general were individual-based such as gardening and playing video games for all survey respondents.
Regarding social activities, watching TV was a popular activity for the entire adult population increasing from 76% of 18-30 year olds to 89% for the over 60s. On the contrary, spending time with family or friends rapidly declined with age from 58% of those under30 to under a third of those over 60 as people spend more time alone.
Of the other activities, whereas reading declined from 22% for the youngest age group to 16% for the eldest, the amount of time spent gardening increased greatly over the four age groups from 7% to 26%. Playing video games and listening to music showed the greatest decline with age, with over 40% of young people 18-30 engaged in these activities, yet only 2% of those over 60 doing the same.
想學習如何處理表格題型，可註冊 7 天免費試用並觀看以下課程：
- IELTS Academic Writing Task - Tables Part 1 lesson.
- IELTS Academic Writing Task - Tables Part 2 lesson.
流程圖（Process Diagrams）
在這類題目中，你會得到一張示意圖，說明某個東西如何運作。 圖中可能顯示的是機器、系統或自然現象。 通常幾乎沒有數據，或只有極少量的數字。 你的任務是總結示意圖中的流程與階段，清楚說明整個程序。
範例題目
The diagram below shows the process of milk production.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
- Write at least 150 words.
- You should spend around 20 minutes on this task.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
- Write at least 150 words.
- You should spend around 20 minutes on this task.
Sample Essay
The diagram illustrates the way by which milk, cheese, cream and butter are produced, processed and packaged to be sold. Overall, there are eight stages shown from grazing to cows to the sale of milk to supermarkets and shops.
Initially, cows are grazed in the field then brought to a milking machine where they are milked twice a day. Following this, the milk is moved into large refrigeration tanks for storage, before being transferred to a milk tanker for transport to the Dairy where it will be processed further. This process occurs on a daily basis.
Once at the factory, the milk is subsequently processed into its various ancillary products: milk, cheese, cream and butter. To make it safe to drink, the milk undergoes pasteurization to remove any bacteria and pathogens. When the latter process is complete, it is ready to be packaged. As soon as packaging is complete, the final product is shipped off to supermarkets and shops for customers to purchase.
The diagram illustrates the way by which milk, cheese, cream and butter are produced, processed and packaged to be sold. Overall, there are eight stages shown from grazing to cows to the sale of milk to supermarkets and shops.
Initially, cows are grazed in the field then brought to a milking machine where they are milked twice a day. Following this, the milk is moved into large refrigeration tanks for storage, before being transferred to a milk tanker for transport to the Dairy where it will be processed further. This process occurs on a daily basis.
Once at the factory, the milk is subsequently processed into its various ancillary products: milk, cheese, cream and butter. To make it safe to drink, the milk undergoes pasteurization to remove any bacteria and pathogens. When the latter process is complete, it is ready to be packaged. As soon as packaging is complete, the final product is shipped off to supermarkets and shops for customers to purchase.
想學習如何解題流程圖題型，可註冊 7 天免費試用並觀看：IELTS Academic Writing Task - Process Diagrams 課程。
7 天免費試用地圖（Maps）
在地圖題中，你會得到一張、兩張或三張地圖。這些地圖可能顯示的是城鎮、城市、小島或其他地理區域。 地圖通常用來呈現某段時間內該地區的變化。 這些變化可以是建設（例如：為觀光開發某地區），也可以是破壞（例如：地震等天災造成的影響）。 你的任務是總結該地區發生的變化，並突出最重要的重點。
範例題目
The two maps below show an island, before and after the construction of some tourist facilites.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
- Write at least 150 words.
- You should spend around 20 minutes on this task.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
- Write at least 150 words.
- You should spend around 20 minutes on this task.
Sample Essay
Overall, the island’s coastal features, which were largely untouched in the past, have been developed for tourism with significant infrastructure and building development in land.
In the past, the island remained mostly undeveloped except for a small pier and scientific research station on the east coast. A few trees occupied the island’s interior, with a small beach and rocks in the north and a natural spring in the west.
Today the island has changed considerably. The small scientific research outpost has been replaced with a large hotel complex and swimming pool. In order to accommodate large cruise ships, the small pier has been extended, and a minor road built to the hotel. To the west of the complex, an open restaurant with BBQ area has been established. From there, several paths connect to the rest of the island’s features.
Along the coast, a bike path circumnavigates the island connecting new tourist features including a scenic lookout next to the rocks, and swimming area by the beach. A café has also been newly constructed alongside the natural spring.
Overall, the island’s coastal features, which were largely untouched in the past, have been developed for tourism with significant infrastructure and building development in land.
In the past, the island remained mostly undeveloped except for a small pier and scientific research station on the east coast. A few trees occupied the island’s interior, with a small beach and rocks in the north and a natural spring in the west.
Today the island has changed considerably. The small scientific research outpost has been replaced with a large hotel complex and swimming pool. In order to accommodate large cruise ships, the small pier has been extended, and a minor road built to the hotel. To the west of the complex, an open restaurant with BBQ area has been established. From there, several paths connect to the rest of the island’s features.
Along the coast, a bike path circumnavigates the island connecting new tourist features including a scenic lookout next to the rocks, and swimming area by the beach. A café has also been newly constructed alongside the natural spring.
想學習如何處理地圖題，可註冊 7 天免費試用並觀看：IELTS Academic Writing Task - Maps 課程。
7 天免費試用混合資料（Mixed Data）
在這種類型的題目中，你會同時看到兩組資料。 這兩組資料的形式會不同。例如，一組呈現隨時間變化的趨勢，另一組則是單一時間點的靜態比較； 或者，一組顯示百分比，另一組顯示實際數字。 你也可能會同時看到一張圖像（如流程圖或地圖）加上一組統計圖表（如長條圖、折線圖、圓餅圖或表格）。 你的任務是同時整理並總結這兩組資料的重點，並作出適當比較。
範例題目
The bar chart below shows the preference for different types of Complementary or Alternative Medicine (CAM) therapies among US adults in 2007.
The table lists which therapies where the most popular over two years.
Summarise the data by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
- Write at least 150 words.
- You should spend around 20 minutes on this task.
Summarise the data by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
- Write at least 150 words.
- You should spend around 20 minutes on this task.
Sample Essay
The bar chart illustrates the top ten Complementary or Alternative Medicine (CAM) therapies preferred by the proportion of all adult US citizens in 2007. The table lists how the popularity of four of those therapies increased over five years in percentages.
Overall, deep breathing and massage therapies increased the most in popularity over the five year period, while natural products was the clear favorite among U.S. adults in 2007.
Between 2002 and 2007, certain alternative therapies showed higher gains than others. Deep breathing and massage saw the biggest gain in use of approximately 4%, while meditation and yoga rose by a less significant 1.9% and 2% respectively.
Of the ten most common CAM therapies, around 1 in 5 adult Americans preferred to use natural products, substantially greater than the second most widely-used technique of deep breathing which stood at 12%. Following these, around a tenth of Americans were likely to do either meditation, chiropractic, massage or yoga, whereas a significantly smaller proportion of under 3% of American adults did the remaining four CAM approaches shown.
The bar chart illustrates the top ten Complementary or Alternative Medicine (CAM) therapies preferred by the proportion of all adult US citizens in 2007. The table lists how the popularity of four of those therapies increased over five years in percentages.
Overall, deep breathing and massage therapies increased the most in popularity over the five year period, while natural products was the clear favorite among U.S. adults in 2007.
Between 2002 and 2007, certain alternative therapies showed higher gains than others. Deep breathing and massage saw the biggest gain in use of approximately 4%, while meditation and yoga rose by a less significant 1.9% and 2% respectively.
Of the ten most common CAM therapies, around 1 in 5 adult Americans preferred to use natural products, substantially greater than the second most widely-used technique of deep breathing which stood at 12%. Following these, around a tenth of Americans were likely to do either meditation, chiropractic, massage or yoga, whereas a significantly smaller proportion of under 3% of American adults did the remaining four CAM approaches shown.
想學習如何解題 IELTS Academic Writing Task 1 的混合資料題型，請註冊 7 天免費試用以觀看 IELTS Academic Writing Task - Mixed Data 課程。
7 天免費試用IELTS Academic Writing Task 1 常用字彙
想在這個題型中拿到高分，你必須會使用適當的字詞來描述與呈現圖表中的資料 （例如圓餅圖、長條圖、折線圖或混合圖表）。我們建議你註冊 7 天免費試用並完成以下課程：
IELTS 一般模組寫作第一部分 (General Writing Task 1)
在 IELTS 一般模組寫作第一部分 (General Writing Task 1) 中，你會看到一個情境，並需要根據該情境寫一封至少 150 字的信件，形式可能是非正式、半正式或正式信件。 所要求書寫的情境屬於常見的日常生活，例如：
- 寫信給學校住宿管理員，回報住宿問題，
- 寫信給新雇主，說明你的時間管理困難，
- 寫信給當地報社，表達對擴建機場計畫的意見，
- 寫信給房屋仲介，請求協助修理房子的暖氣系統。
題目會提供三個必須在信中提到的要點（bullet points）。你可能需要請求或提供資訊、或解釋某個情況。為此，你可能需要：
- 詢問或提供一般事實性資訊，
- 表達需求、想法、喜好或不滿，
- 提出意見或抱怨，
- 提出要求、建議或推薦方案。
IELTS General Writing 的寫作風格
寫作風格取決於你要寫信的對象（audience）及你們的關係親疏。 必須使用符合對象的語氣，並有助於你達成寫信目的，例如： 寫給朋友＝非正式；寫給主管或陌生人＝半正式或正式。 信件開頭不需要寫任何地址。
如何避免在 IELTS General Writing Task 1 中失分
如前所述，你不應該花超過 20 分鐘在這題，並且至少寫 150 字，否則會被扣分。 雖然寫超過 150 字不會扣分，但寫太長可能會壓縮你在 Task 2（分數佔比更高）的作答時間。
如果信件偏題、未完整回應 bullet points，或未以段落形式撰寫（例如使用條列式、筆記格式），會被扣分。 抄襲（從任何來源直接複製）則會受到嚴重扣分。
範例題目
A friend has agreed to look after your house and pet while you are on holiday.
Write a letter to your friend. In your letter
- give contact details for when you are away
- give instructions about how to care for your pet
- describe other household duties
Write at least 150 words.
You do NOT need to write any addresses.
Begin your letter as follows:
Dear .....................,
Write a letter to your friend. In your letter
- give contact details for when you are away
- give instructions about how to care for your pet
- describe other household duties
Write at least 150 words.
You do NOT need to write any addresses.
Begin your letter as follows:
Dear .....................,
Sample Essay
Dear Carolyn,
Thank you for agreeing to house-sit for me. If you need to contact me during my holiday, I’ll be staying at the Imperial Hotel in Bundaberg. If it’s urgent, however, please ring my mobile phone, which I’ll keep with me at all times. I’ve written the numbers on a sticky note which I’ve left on the fridge.
My cat needs to be fed twice daily so each morning and evening put a handful of cat biscuits in his dish. You will find these in the kitchen pantry. Also, please check throughout the day to make sure he has fresh water. You can give him a small bowl of milk in the evening.
I would like you to water my plants, too. The indoor ones in the lounge only need water once every few days but the plants on the balcony need to be watered daily unless there has been heavy rain. Finally, for security, please clear my mail box every day and keep the outside lights on at night.
I look forward to seeing you on my return.
Yours,
Katie
Sample essay source: IELTS British Council Sample Answer
Dear Carolyn,
Thank you for agreeing to house-sit for me. If you need to contact me during my holiday, I’ll be staying at the Imperial Hotel in Bundaberg. If it’s urgent, however, please ring my mobile phone, which I’ll keep with me at all times. I’ve written the numbers on a sticky note which I’ve left on the fridge.
My cat needs to be fed twice daily so each morning and evening put a handful of cat biscuits in his dish. You will find these in the kitchen pantry. Also, please check throughout the day to make sure he has fresh water. You can give him a small bowl of milk in the evening.
I would like you to water my plants, too. The indoor ones in the lounge only need water once every few days but the plants on the balcony need to be watered daily unless there has been heavy rain. Finally, for security, please clear my mail box every day and keep the outside lights on at night.
I look forward to seeing you on my return.
Yours,
Katie
Sample essay source: IELTS British Council Sample Answer
想了解更多 IELTS General Writing Task 1 的技巧與範例，請參考： The Ultimate Guide for the IELTS General Writing Task 1
IELTS 寫作第二部分 (Writing Task 2)
在 IELTS 寫作第二部分 (Writing Task 2) 中，你需要根據題目寫一篇傳統的論說文。 你必須至少寫滿 250 字，未達 250 字會被扣分。 Task 2 一共有 6 種題型，下面我們會逐一看看各種題型的範例題目與範文。
原因與結果題（Causes and effects）
在這種題型中，題目會給你一個問題或現象，你的任務是說明造成這種情況的原因， 並分析這種情況帶來的影響或結果。
範例題目
The percentage of overweight children in western society has increased by almost 20% in the last ten years. Discuss the causes and effects of this disturbing trend.
- Write at least 250 words.
- You should spend around 40 minutes on this task.
- Write at least 250 words.
- You should spend around 40 minutes on this task.
Sample Essay
Obesity among children has risen sharply over the last decade in western countries. Such a trend is largely the result of a tendency towards convenience in society, yet its effects may be detrimental to children’s long-term mental and physical health.
The prime causes of obesity are unhealthy eating habits and an inactive lifestyle. In recent years, there has been a surge in the consumption of convenience foods among modern families. Busy parents with no time to cook rely on prepared meals to feed their families. Such foods have little to no nutritional value which contributes to obesity. In addition, children these days spend inordinate amounts of time playing video games than playing outside with friends resulting in insufficient physical activity each day. For example, studies show that children in France exercise on average around 20 minutes per day as compared to 75 minutes 30 years ago.
The possible effects of obesity are a range of health issues. Regarding physical health, diseases, such as type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure, are known to be higher in overweight children than their peers. These put a child’s life in danger, and may further affect mental health growing up. When children are obese, they are more likely to be bullied and ostracized by classmates because they look or behave differently. This has been known to cause low self-esteem and depression in many, and thus shun friends in favor of time alone.
In conclusion, through poor diet choice and inactivity, obesity is a growing problem that can cause lasting damage to a child’s mental and physical development. However, by addressing this problem while young, much can be done to aid a child in becoming a healthy functioning adult.
Obesity among children has risen sharply over the last decade in western countries. Such a trend is largely the result of a tendency towards convenience in society, yet its effects may be detrimental to children’s long-term mental and physical health.
The prime causes of obesity are unhealthy eating habits and an inactive lifestyle. In recent years, there has been a surge in the consumption of convenience foods among modern families. Busy parents with no time to cook rely on prepared meals to feed their families. Such foods have little to no nutritional value which contributes to obesity. In addition, children these days spend inordinate amounts of time playing video games than playing outside with friends resulting in insufficient physical activity each day. For example, studies show that children in France exercise on average around 20 minutes per day as compared to 75 minutes 30 years ago.
The possible effects of obesity are a range of health issues. Regarding physical health, diseases, such as type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure, are known to be higher in overweight children than their peers. These put a child’s life in danger, and may further affect mental health growing up. When children are obese, they are more likely to be bullied and ostracized by classmates because they look or behave differently. This has been known to cause low self-esteem and depression in many, and thus shun friends in favor of time alone.
In conclusion, through poor diet choice and inactivity, obesity is a growing problem that can cause lasting damage to a child’s mental and physical development. However, by addressing this problem while young, much can be done to aid a child in becoming a healthy functioning adult.
討論雙方觀點並給出自己意見（Discuss both views and give your own opinion）
在這種題型中，題目會給你兩個相反或對立的觀點。通常這兩個觀點會用 like “however” 之類的轉折連接，顯示立場不同。你的任務是寫一篇議論文， 比較與對比這兩種看法，並清楚表達你自己的立場。
範例題目
Some people think that exercise is the key to health, while others feel that having a balanced diet is more important.Discuss both sides and give your opinion.
- Write at least 250 words.
- You should spend around 40 minutes on this task.
- Write at least 250 words.
- You should spend around 40 minutes on this task.
Sample Essay
According to some, good health goes hand in hand with regular exercise, yet others feel that it is more important to maintain a balanced diet. In my opinion, I believe that exercise is more essential for the majority of people.
There are several benefits to a balanced diet for good mental and physical health. For one thing, eating well lifts moods. Simple foods that are varied in color and type can lift mood and lower the risk of depression. Eating more fruits, colorful vegetables, proteins, and whole grains helps the body run efficiently. This makes dieters feel good, and as a result more willing to be active which thus makes them healthier. For another thing, eating well makes people less prone to getting sick by building a body less susceptible to disease. Vitamins and minerals in diet boost immunity, which protects the body against certain diseases like obesity, diabetes and high blood pressure.
On the other hand, I believe that exercise is more effective at improving health since it encourages long-term health habits from the beginning. Exercising not only burns calories, but makes people feel good. While starting a diet is never a pleasant experience, cardiovascular exercises like cycling, walking or swimming trigger endorphins in the brain that immediately decrease stress levels, and enhance our sense of well-being. Once people start feeling good from exercise, they are more likely to continue. Moreover, exercise doesn’t have to be for long periods to achieve instant benefits. Doctors usually advise exercising for 20 minutes three times per week, a sufficiently short enough time to make a habit of, and fit into busy schedules.
In conclusion, while good diet is necessary, exercise offers greater convenience, flexibility, and by making people feel good, encourages good health habits in the long run.
According to some, good health goes hand in hand with regular exercise, yet others feel that it is more important to maintain a balanced diet. In my opinion, I believe that exercise is more essential for the majority of people.
There are several benefits to a balanced diet for good mental and physical health. For one thing, eating well lifts moods. Simple foods that are varied in color and type can lift mood and lower the risk of depression. Eating more fruits, colorful vegetables, proteins, and whole grains helps the body run efficiently. This makes dieters feel good, and as a result more willing to be active which thus makes them healthier. For another thing, eating well makes people less prone to getting sick by building a body less susceptible to disease. Vitamins and minerals in diet boost immunity, which protects the body against certain diseases like obesity, diabetes and high blood pressure.
On the other hand, I believe that exercise is more effective at improving health since it encourages long-term health habits from the beginning. Exercising not only burns calories, but makes people feel good. While starting a diet is never a pleasant experience, cardiovascular exercises like cycling, walking or swimming trigger endorphins in the brain that immediately decrease stress levels, and enhance our sense of well-being. Once people start feeling good from exercise, they are more likely to continue. Moreover, exercise doesn’t have to be for long periods to achieve instant benefits. Doctors usually advise exercising for 20 minutes three times per week, a sufficiently short enough time to make a habit of, and fit into busy schedules.
In conclusion, while good diet is necessary, exercise offers greater convenience, flexibility, and by making people feel good, encourages good health habits in the long run.
優缺點題（Advantages and disadvantages）
在這種題型中，題目會要你討論某個現象、做法或趨勢的優點與缺點。 有些題目還會要求你表明：你覺得哪一邊比較重要或比較有說服力。
範例題目
It is becoming increasingly popular to have a year off between finishing school and going to university. What are the advantages and disadvantages of this?
- Write at least 250 words.
- You should spend around 40 minutes on this task.
- Write at least 250 words.
- You should spend around 40 minutes on this task.
Sample Essay
More and more students are taking a year away from their studies between graduating from school and beginning university. Students can save for and think about their future during this period, though there are several drawbacks to consider.
To begin with, by taking a year after high school, students can avoid costly mistakes of starting a degree that they are not interested in. A year is a good time to consider options and decide what subject is best to study. Secondly, a gap year is excellent for character development. When graduating high school at 18, most people still don’t know what life direction they wish to take. Studies show that students who take a gap year doing something constructive like travelling do better in at university later on than those who do not. Finally, a year away from studies provides the chance to save money. That way, at university, students may focus more on classes, and less on debt.
However, spending such a long time away from studying may cause some students to lose good study habits, and gain bad habits instead. After 12 years of continuous schooling, many teenagers may be distracted by the prospect of earning money, and lose the motivation to continue their studies. Furthermore, individuals without a constructive plan for their education-free year may be tempted to procrastinate and waste time. Lastly, travelling overseas can be expensive, and there is a real possibility that students may end up in more debt by the start of the university year.
To sum up, although students who take a year out can save money and achieve greater life-direction, this time may also be wasted, lead to greater debt, or cause unintended life decisions that may later be regretted.
More and more students are taking a year away from their studies between graduating from school and beginning university. Students can save for and think about their future during this period, though there are several drawbacks to consider.
To begin with, by taking a year after high school, students can avoid costly mistakes of starting a degree that they are not interested in. A year is a good time to consider options and decide what subject is best to study. Secondly, a gap year is excellent for character development. When graduating high school at 18, most people still don’t know what life direction they wish to take. Studies show that students who take a gap year doing something constructive like travelling do better in at university later on than those who do not. Finally, a year away from studies provides the chance to save money. That way, at university, students may focus more on classes, and less on debt.
However, spending such a long time away from studying may cause some students to lose good study habits, and gain bad habits instead. After 12 years of continuous schooling, many teenagers may be distracted by the prospect of earning money, and lose the motivation to continue their studies. Furthermore, individuals without a constructive plan for their education-free year may be tempted to procrastinate and waste time. Lastly, travelling overseas can be expensive, and there is a real possibility that students may end up in more debt by the start of the university year.
To sum up, although students who take a year out can save money and achieve greater life-direction, this time may also be wasted, lead to greater debt, or cause unintended life decisions that may later be regretted.
問題與解決方案（Problems and solutions）
在這種題型中，題目會給你一個問題或現象，你的任務是說明造成此問題的原因，並提出可行的解決方法。 題目有時會問一般性的解決方案（例如：How could this problem be solved?）， 也可能會針對特定對象發問（例如：What steps can governments and individuals take to address the problem?）。 關於影響（effects），只需要簡短帶到，不必長篇描述。
範例題目
More and more people are migrating to cities in search of a better life, but city life can be extremely difficult. Explain some of the difficulties of living in a city. How can governments make urban life better for everyone?
- Write at least 250 words.
- You should spend around 40 minutes on this task.
- Write at least 250 words.
- You should spend around 40 minutes on this task.
Sample Essay
Before as now, emigration from the countryside to the city continues apace worldwide as people seek a better standard of living. However, life in the big city is often hard on new immigrants. There are several reasons for this as well as solutions for governments to handle them.
Most difficulties emerge since rural folk are unaccustomed to city life on moving there. For a start, the cost of living is much greater than in a town or village. City residents must pay more for utilities, housing, transportation and food, which causes many immigrants to share overcrowded housing in a bid to save money. Secondly, unemployment in the city is a major challenge for new arrivals. Many immigrants are unprepared for the fierce job competition when arriving in a city. This inevitably drives unemployment up, which may quickly lead to poverty. Finally, healthcare costs are often high in the city, and if made sick, many immigrants often lose meagre savings to pay for their medical care.
To solve these challenges, and improve life for all inhabitants, city governments have several options available to them. Firstly, ensure an adequate housing supply to prevent overcrowding. Developing low-end, cost effective housing for migrants would reduce living expenses and provide a base for first-time inhabitants starting a new life. Secondly, establish job schemes and professional training programs for new city residents. This would help them to find reliable work and figure out their next step. Finally, make affordable healthcare available to all. Guaranteeing access to affordable healthcare provides a social safety net for new city citizens as they adjust to city life.
In conclusion, given the diverse challenges faced by city immigrants, ensuring decent accommodation and healthcare, as well as creating job programs, can help many hit the ground running and begin contributing to city life.
Before as now, emigration from the countryside to the city continues apace worldwide as people seek a better standard of living. However, life in the big city is often hard on new immigrants. There are several reasons for this as well as solutions for governments to handle them.
Most difficulties emerge since rural folk are unaccustomed to city life on moving there. For a start, the cost of living is much greater than in a town or village. City residents must pay more for utilities, housing, transportation and food, which causes many immigrants to share overcrowded housing in a bid to save money. Secondly, unemployment in the city is a major challenge for new arrivals. Many immigrants are unprepared for the fierce job competition when arriving in a city. This inevitably drives unemployment up, which may quickly lead to poverty. Finally, healthcare costs are often high in the city, and if made sick, many immigrants often lose meagre savings to pay for their medical care.
To solve these challenges, and improve life for all inhabitants, city governments have several options available to them. Firstly, ensure an adequate housing supply to prevent overcrowding. Developing low-end, cost effective housing for migrants would reduce living expenses and provide a base for first-time inhabitants starting a new life. Secondly, establish job schemes and professional training programs for new city residents. This would help them to find reliable work and figure out their next step. Finally, make affordable healthcare available to all. Guaranteeing access to affordable healthcare provides a social safety net for new city citizens as they adjust to city life.
In conclusion, given the diverse challenges faced by city immigrants, ensuring decent accommodation and healthcare, as well as creating job programs, can help many hit the ground running and begin contributing to city life.
雙問題題型（Two-part question）
在這種題型中，題目會給你兩個問題，而你必須兩題都確實回答。 這兩個問題通常角度不同，例如：先問一個觀念的重要性（How important is it?）， 再問你是否同意某說法（Do you agree or disagree?）等等。
範例題目
Art and music are considered some of the fundamental elements of society. Do you think art and music still have a place in today’s modern world of technology?Should children spend more time learning art and music at school?
- Write at least 250 words.
- You should spend around 40 minutes on this task.
- Write at least 250 words.
- You should spend around 40 minutes on this task.
Sample Essay
Some people regard the arts as fundamental pillars of society, and even in today’s technology-dominated world, art and music are still important. More than ever before, I believe it is necessary to teach children such subjects in school for the many benefits they bring society.
Art and music are central to life in developed civilisations. For a start, they help society to reflect on what it has become. As society advances, artists help to interpret the changes and problems created by progress in unique ways. Artists use their creativity to draw attention to key issues such as the increasing mountains of trash produced or the rich-poor divide. Secondly, artists make people more humble by helping them remember their humanity and their connections to the world around them. Pictures of nature, society, tribal scenes, past and present make people think about their roots and consider where they’re heading. Finally, music gives joy and inspiration to many people. It helps to express emotion and lift mood when feeling down.
While in school, there are key advantages to learning art and music. For one, both give children the creativity to express themselves. Children live in a world of adults; however, art and music classes allow all to be themselves which is good for their mental development. For example, while older children are less inclined, younger children often find singing, dancing and painting to be among their favorite classes. In turn, studying music has proven beneficial in helping children connect more with their emotions. This produces more rounded adults able to connect with their knowledge through science and their emotions through art and music.
In conclusion, for adults and children, the arts bring not only joy, but inspiration, and helps both to remember who they are really are in a world dominated by science.
Some people regard the arts as fundamental pillars of society, and even in today’s technology-dominated world, art and music are still important. More than ever before, I believe it is necessary to teach children such subjects in school for the many benefits they bring society.
Art and music are central to life in developed civilisations. For a start, they help society to reflect on what it has become. As society advances, artists help to interpret the changes and problems created by progress in unique ways. Artists use their creativity to draw attention to key issues such as the increasing mountains of trash produced or the rich-poor divide. Secondly, artists make people more humble by helping them remember their humanity and their connections to the world around them. Pictures of nature, society, tribal scenes, past and present make people think about their roots and consider where they’re heading. Finally, music gives joy and inspiration to many people. It helps to express emotion and lift mood when feeling down.
While in school, there are key advantages to learning art and music. For one, both give children the creativity to express themselves. Children live in a world of adults; however, art and music classes allow all to be themselves which is good for their mental development. For example, while older children are less inclined, younger children often find singing, dancing and painting to be among their favorite classes. In turn, studying music has proven beneficial in helping children connect more with their emotions. This produces more rounded adults able to connect with their knowledge through science and their emotions through art and music.
In conclusion, for adults and children, the arts bring not only joy, but inspiration, and helps both to remember who they are really are in a world dominated by science.
觀點題（Opinion）
在這種題型中，題目通常會給出一個明確的觀點或主張， 你的任務是寫一篇文章回應這個觀點。這類題目常見的問法是 「你在多大程度上同意或不同意？」（To what extent do you agree or disagree?） 或是直接問 Do you agree or disagree?
範例題目
Many people believe that social networking sites (such as Facebook) have had a huge negative impact on society.To what extent do you agree? Do you agree or disagree?
- Write at least 250 words.
- You should spend around 40 minutes on this task.
- Write at least 250 words.
- You should spend around 40 minutes on this task.
Sample Essay
It is said by many that social networking websites like Facebook are negatively influencing society. Although I believe this the effect of social media on society is somewhat negative, there are also clear benefits to individuals from using it.
Regarding society, social networks are causing a decline in meaningful relationships. Firstly, people spend less time having good conversation with each other face-to-face. Most people spend more time having short conversations with dozens of people online, and less time having longer, meaningful conversations with friends face-to-face. This erodes close relationships over time and may be creating a more socially disconnected society as a result. Additionally, there is some evidence that social media sites like Facebook have created a more socially awkward and antisocial society. The average European spends four hours per day chatting online, yet this familiarity with the screen is causing many to become more anxious talking with others in person as a result.
However, there are distinct advantages to the individual from using social media. For one, it is very easy to find work when online. Through group functionality on sites like Facebook, job seekers can easily find a job they desire in the right field, thus increasing job satisfaction when at work. Finally, social networks bring like-minded people together in an unprecedented way. Whether it is friends looking to organize an event, or people looking to meet others with similar interests it is extremely easy to find people online. For example, just take the explosion in minor hobbies like board games clubs that have become popular due to the interconnected nature of social media.
In conclusion, in my opinion, although there is some evidence to show social networking may affect society badly in the long run, in the short term, its effects on individuals seem more positive.
It is said by many that social networking websites like Facebook are negatively influencing society. Although I believe this the effect of social media on society is somewhat negative, there are also clear benefits to individuals from using it.
Regarding society, social networks are causing a decline in meaningful relationships. Firstly, people spend less time having good conversation with each other face-to-face. Most people spend more time having short conversations with dozens of people online, and less time having longer, meaningful conversations with friends face-to-face. This erodes close relationships over time and may be creating a more socially disconnected society as a result. Additionally, there is some evidence that social media sites like Facebook have created a more socially awkward and antisocial society. The average European spends four hours per day chatting online, yet this familiarity with the screen is causing many to become more anxious talking with others in person as a result.
However, there are distinct advantages to the individual from using social media. For one, it is very easy to find work when online. Through group functionality on sites like Facebook, job seekers can easily find a job they desire in the right field, thus increasing job satisfaction when at work. Finally, social networks bring like-minded people together in an unprecedented way. Whether it is friends looking to organize an event, or people looking to meet others with similar interests it is extremely easy to find people online. For example, just take the explosion in minor hobbies like board games clubs that have become popular due to the interconnected nature of social media.
In conclusion, in my opinion, although there is some evidence to show social networking may affect society badly in the long run, in the short term, its effects on individuals seem more positive.
IELTS Writing Task 2 的解題策略與範例
整體來說，完成 IELTS Writing Task 2 可以分成四個步驟：
1. 閱讀並理解題目 – 雖然這看似簡單，但許多考生因為緊張而沒有真正讀懂題目。 因此第一步就是完整理解題意，並畫出關鍵字。 此外，你也要思考以下兩點：
- 我需要寫哪種類型的作文？ （例如：Problem and Solution）
- 我對這個主題熟悉嗎？ （這點會影響你選擇的作文架構與論述方式）
2. 規劃文章大綱 – 當你理解題目後，就可以開始規劃大綱。 千萬不要跳過這一步！ 大綱只需要花 2–3 分鐘，但它會讓你後續寫作順利許多。 而且不同題型的大綱規劃方式也不同。若想深入學習如何分析題目與規劃大綱，可以參考 IELTS writing task 2 lessons
3. 撰寫大綱筆記（Outline Notes） – 決定好大綱後，使用「關鍵字」在大綱中標示每段的主要句子。 這會幫助你快速掌握整篇文章的走向，就像在腦中「預覽」你的作文一樣。
4. 開始寫作 – 完成準備後，就可以從引言開始寫作，依序完成所有段落。 記得全篇保持正式語氣： 不使用縮寫（例如 don’t）、10 以下的數字用英文拼寫（例如 three）， 並且每段開頭要縮排。
以下文章教你如何處理每種題型，並提供超過 100 題 IELTS Writing Task 2 練習題與範文，非常適合用來備考：
- How to Answer Opinion Question Types in IELTS Writing Task 2
- How to Answer Discussion Question Types in IELTS Writing Task 2
- How to Answer Advantage & Disadvantage Question Types in IELTS Writing Task 2
- How to Answer Problem and Solution Question Types in IELTS Writing Task 2
- How to Answer Cause and Effect Question Types in IELTS Writing Task 2
- How to Answer Two-part Question Types in IELTS Writing Task 2